The climate of Gwadar, elevated at 0-300 meters above sea level, is dry arid hot. It is placed in "warm summer and mild winter" temperature region. The oceanic influence keeps the temperature lower than that in the interior in summer and higher in winter. The mean temperature in the hottest month (June) remains between 31° C and 32° . The mean temperature in the coolest month (January) varies from 18° C to 19° C. The uniformity of temperature is a unique characteristic of the coastal region in Balochistan. Occasionally, winds moving down the Balochistan plateau bring brief cold spells, otherwise the winter is pleasant. In Gwadar, winter is shorter than summer. It stays only from December through February (3 months) while summer starts in March and prolongs up to November (9 months). Mean monthly temperature in summer remains between 21° C and 32° C. In the coldest month, January, the mean monthly temperature remains above 10° C. Freezing temperature has been recorded at Pasni but nowhere else in the district.

Source: Pakistan Meteorological Department, Karachi

Aridity prevails all over the district because average annual rainfall is below 250 mm and in some years annual rainfall was even below 100 mm. Both the monsoons and the Western Depressions result in scanty rainfall but overall precipitation level remains low. According to the Pakistan Meteorological Department, total annual precipitation in 1994 was 159.1 mm at Pasni and 110.6 mm at Jiwani.

Annual Mean Rainfall

The Pakistan Meteorological Department has two stations in Gwadar district but meteorological data is not being compiled properly. However the available rainfall data for the last three years confirm the "dry arid" climatic category of the area. There is no regular pattern of rainfall in the district. In 1993, total annual rainfall at Jiwani was 27.0 mm while in 1994 it was 110.6 mm. In 1995, rainfall in just one month exceeded the total annual precipitation in 1994 as it was 113.0 mm in December 1995. The extent of precipitation affects the supply of drinking water in Gwadar district as most of it is provided from reservoirs which are rain-dependent.

Annual Mean Temperature

At Pasni and Jiwani stations of the Pakistan Meteorological Department, mid summer mean maximum temperature (in June) varied slightly in the years 1993 to 1995 (from 34.5° C to 35.5° C) while mid summer mean minimum temperature ranged from 25.0° C to 27.4° C. The mid winter mean maximum temperature (in January) in these three years was between 24.6° C and 26.0° C and mean minimum temperature in mid winter remained between 11.3° C and 15.0° C.

Source: Pakistan Meteorological Department, Karachi

The data on temperature seem consistent through the years as the annual mean maximum temperature for the years 1993 to 1995 ranged from 30.3° C to 31.4° C. Similarly annual mean minimum temperature for these three years varied from 20.0° C to 21.3° C. This data validates the climatic categorisation of the district as "warm summer and mild winter" because mean monthly temperature in summer was around 30° C and mean monthly temperature in winter remained around 19° C. These temperatures are within the temperature ranges for "warm summer and cool winter" region.